Translational Research in oncology links experimental and clinical science with the aim of transferring knowledge from research laboratories and hospitals and translating it into new therapy concepts. The definition of standards for the collection of biomaterials and the continued development of technologies are preconditions for Translational Research. Nevertheless new approaches are required to advance Translational Research. Following the invitation of the Banss Foundation, in September 2007 leading clinicians and scientists from German university hospitals and research facilities met together in Biedenkopf, near Marburg. The symposium aimed to develop new scientific concepts using aspects and features of innovation management. The topic was introduced by presenting general therapy concepts in breast cancer treatment (Prof. C. Thomssen) as well as current clinical breast cancer trials (Prof G. von Minckwitz). Translational Research was described from a clinical point of view (Prof. N. Harbeck) and from the point of view of the laboratory (Dr. D. Niederacher). The question \"what we know and what we really should know\" (Prof. B. Groner) was discussed during a presentation on the current state of knowledge in cancer research. This article summarizes the results of the discussion on central aspects of Translational Research in this workshop and offers new approaches.